Experimental Design in Quantitative Research: Concepts, Types, Comparisons, and Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61166/interdisiplin.v3i4.162Keywords:
Experimental Design, Quantitative Research, Pre-Experimental Design, Quasi Experimental Design, True Experimental DesignAbstract
This study aims to describe the concept, types, comparisons, and applications of experimental design in quantitative research. The study employed a qualitative approach using the library research method. Data were collected through documentation techniques from books, scientific journals, and other relevant references related to experimental design. The data were analyzed using content analysis to identify, classify, and interpret the characteristics of various experimental designs. The findings indicate that experimental design is an essential research framework for examining causal relationships between variables. Experimental design consists of three main forms, namely pre-experimental design, quasi-experimental design, and true experimental design, each having different levels of control, validity, and applicability. Among these, true experimental design has the highest internal validity, while quasi-experimental design is the most frequently applied in educational research due to its practicality in real settings. Therefore, selecting an appropriate experimental design is crucial for producing valid and reliable research findings.
References
Akbar, Weriana, Siroj, & Afgani. 2023. Experimental Research dalam Metodologi Pendidikan. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan.
Ali, Muhammad, dan Muhammad Asrori. Metodologi Penelitian Terapan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2021.
Anantasia, Gisela, dan Sulastri Rini Rindrayani. “Metodologi Penelitian Quasi Eksperimen.” hlm. 47–56.
Asrin. 2022. Metode Penelitian Eksperimen. Jurnal Maqasiduna: Ilmu Humaniora, Pendidikan & Ilmu Sosial.
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. 1983. Educational Research: An Introduction. New York: Longman.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Pendekatan metode kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan campuran. Pustaka Pelajar.
Educational Research: An Introduction, Borg & Gall, Educational Research (New York: Longman, 1983), hlm. 45
Efendi, M. S. (2013). Desain eksperimental dalam penelitian pendidikan. Jurnal Perspektif Pendidikan, 7(1), 32–45.
Efendi, M. Syahrun. 2013. Desain Eksperimental dalam Penelitian Pendidikan. Jurnal Perspektif Pendidikan.
How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, Fraenkel & Wallen, How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009), hlm. 271
Jaedun. 2011. Metodologi Penelitian Eksperimen. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Khoiri, Nur, dkk. "Karakteristik Quasi Experimental Design dalam Penelitian Pendidikan Fisika." Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika 8, no. 1 (2017): 42-50.
M. Farhan Arib dkk, “Experimental Research Dalam Penelitian Pendidikan”, INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research Volume 4 Nomor 1 (2024). hal. 5497-551
M. Farhan Arib, dkk. (2024). Experimental research dalam penelitian pendidikan. INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(1), 5497–5511.
Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D, Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Bandung: Alfabeta, 2017), hlm. 112
Metode Penelitian Pendidikan, Nana Syaodih Sukmadinata, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2012), hlm. 208
Nana Syaodih Sukmadinata, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2012), hlm. 208.
Purwanto. 2019. Variabel dalam Penelitian Pendidikan. Jurnal Teknodik.
Rahmi Pertiwi, Risnita, & Jailani. 2023. Jenis-Jenis Penelitian Ilmiah Kependidikan. Jurnal QOSIM.
Ratnaya, I Gede. "Metodologi Penelitian Eksperimen dalam Ilmu Teknik: True Experimental vs Quasi Experimental." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Elektro 18, no. 2 (2021): 85-95.
Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, John W. Creswell, Research Design (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2014), hlm. 155
Rukminingsih, “Metode Penelitian Pendidikan : Penelitian Kuantitatif, Penelitian Kualitatif, dan Penelitian Tindakan Kela”, (Juli, 2022).hal.178
Saputri, Lilis, dan Mardiati. “Design Penelitian Quasi Eksperimen dalam Penelitian Pendidikan: Kajian Pustaka.” Jurnal Serunai Matematika, Vol. 17 No. 2, Oktober 2025, hlm. 78–87.
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Bandung: Alfabeta, 2017), hlm. 112-115
Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Pendekatan Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan R&D). Bandung: Alfabeta, 2016.
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik (Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2013), hlm. 125–127.
Suryabrata, Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan, (Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2012)
Swarjana, Ketut. Metode Penelitian Kesehatan. Yogyakarta: CV Andi Offset, 2012.
Syahrial, dkk. "Analisis Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Pre-Eksperimental." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling 4, no. 5 (2022): 120-130.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Amilia Fitri, Fauzah Nurul Hasilah, Salwa Salsabila Maaris, M. Faiz Azmi Ibnu Mansur, Ilham Hidayatul Ramadhani, Bayu Bambang Nur Fauzi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
